Table 1. Key exercise testing variables. Relevance Units Normal exercise response Population(s) where variable should be assessed Exercise HR Insight into cardiac exercise response: cardiac output = ...

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) regulates protein folding and maintains proteostasis in cells- a process essential to maintaining cellular health. However, researchers at UAB have found that chronic ...

Correspondence to Dr Alessandro Biffi, Med-Ex, Medicine & Exercise, Medical Partner Scuderia Ferrari, Rome, Italy; a.biffi{at}libero.it Long-term physical activity induces structural, functional and ...

A new study assessing the knowledge and confidence in recognizing cardiac symptoms has found that almost half of over-35s were not confident in their ability to recognize symptoms of impending cardiac ...

The exercise stress echocardiographic study included nearly 500 patients with and without HFpEF. According to the study, individuals with both anemia and HFpEF had similar cardiac output during ...