Peeling back the layers of IoT devices reveals most of them are nothing more than what are already on the Internet in the form of present-day M2M devices. In just six years, according to Cisco Systems ...

The Open System Interconnect (OSI) network model, referred to by many as simply a stack, is in fact a well-designed, layered architecture for efficient intersystem and intrasystem communications. In ...

The IIoT is at the basis of the so-called Smart Factories, new advanced manufacturing units of the fourth industrial revolution. Smart sensors, super-fast connections, artificial intelligence ...

A couple posts ago, we talked about Layer 1 of the OSI Model — the Physical Layer. Today, we’ll start our climb up the Model with a visit to Layer 2, the Data Link Layer. The Data Link Layer is one of ...

Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) provides for digital transmission over ordinary telephone copper wire as well as over other media uses. In this continuation of his tip on ISDN ...

Today, functional verification consumes most of the time in the design of layered protocols like OSI Model, PCI Express, etc. As we think of reuse of design components, the reuse of verification ...