Continued scaling of integrated circuits to smaller dimensions is still a viable way to increase compute power, achieve higher memory cell density, or reduce power consumption. These days, chip makers ...

Real-time and in-line accurate measuring of protein (monoclonal antibody, or mAb) concentration has been shown across a wide dynamic range (0–135 g/L) through the ...

With continuous device scaling, process windows have become narrower and narrower due to smaller feature sizes and greater process step variability [1]. A key task during the R&D stage of ...