The team implemented the method using a stand-alone configuration and compared its performance against the conventional single-layer model. Across multiple test periods in 2019 and 2023, covering both ...
Accurate estimation of the ionosphere is essential for reliable Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning, timing, and space weather applications. A key challenge lies in converting slant ...
In a study published (DOI: 10.1186/s43020-025-00182-9) in Satellite Navigation in 2025, researchers from the German Aerospace Center (DLR), the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy ...