The purpose of the network layer is to help route messages between different local networks. Central to this layer is the concept of exclusive network addresses, where every terminal connected to the ...

The current IP address scheme of 32-bit words is fast becoming inadequate. It would appear that 2 32 = 4 294 967 296 combinations of addresses should be enough for everybody, but in practice this is ...

Do you remember when we used multi-protocol routing for IPX, AppleTalk, and TCP/IP running on the same network? In the 1980s and early 1990s many enterprises had multiple protocols running on the ...

TCP wrappers are intended to provide wrapper daemons that can be installed without any changes to existing software. Most TCP/IP applications depend on the client/server model — i.e., when a client ...

At the inception of TCP/IP, X.25 networks were already widely used, especially outside the United States. The major change, and one that would continue to be an issue for the next several years, is ...

The data transfer in a TCP/IP network is usually block-based. From a programmer’s point of view, sending data means issuing a series of “send data block” requests. On a system level, sending an ...

If you're looking to segment a TCP/IP network, subnetting is not your only option. CIDR, or supernetting, is another way to accomplish the task and offers some unique solutions. Here's how to use ...

Although the Internet of Things (IoT) introduces remarkable ways to collect, manage, and apply data, it's also a huge vector for cyberattacks. One of the biggest vulnerabilities lies in embedded ...

TCP/IP Manager can be downloaded for free and consumes less than 500KB of your hard disk space. It is an open-source tool that makes changing network settings a one-click operation. You all will agree ...

Most people are familiar with sharing files over a network using something like SMB or NFS. These protocols work well, but they're designed for transferring files, not for treating storage on another ...