In mammals and other eukaryotes most of the genome is transcribed in a developmentally regulated manner to produce large numbers of long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Here we review the rapidly advancing ...

Enzymes help with specific functions that are vital to the operation and overall health of the human body. They help speed up chemical reactions and are essential for respiration, digestion, muscle ...

The divergence of new genes and proteins occurs through mutations that modulate protein function. The effects of these mutations are pleiotropic, thus imposing trade-offs between selection pressures ...