First principles thinking is a way of solving problems by breaking everything down to the simplest pieces. Imagine you're trying to build a big Lego castle. Instead of trying to fix the whole castle at once, you look at each brick. You ask questions like what is this brick for and do I really need it. Then you rebuild the castle in a smarter or better way. People use first principles thinking when they face tough problems. Instead of copying what others do, they ask why things are done that way.

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